painting

in the painting, on the painting

两者意思不同:on the painting表示“在画的上面”,指画的平面上有东西存在; 而in the painting指画面上的人或物,即画的内容。例如:

The woman in the painting is his wife.画上的那个女人是他的妻子。

There is a fly on the painting.一只苍蝇落在画面上。

painting, drawing, photo, picture, portrait

这组词共同的意思是“画”。它们的区别是：

drawing指“素描”或“工程图纸”。例如:

This is a drawing in pencil.这是一幅铅笔素描。

We produced a working drawing.我们绘制了一幅施工图。

painting多指油画。例如:

There are many paintings in the room.这间屋子里有很多油画。

在表示水彩画时,用drawing或painting都可。例如:

This is a water-colour drawing〔painting〕.这是一幅水彩画。

photo指“照片”。例如:

I have some photos taken in my hometown.我有一些在家乡拍的照片。

picture指各种“画,照片或影片”。例如:

He has collected some famous pictures.他收集了一些名画。

May I take your picture?我可以为你拍张照片吗?

Let's go and see a good picture.我们去看一部好电影吧。

portrait指“(人物)肖像”。例如:

This portrait looks real.这幅肖像简直像真的。

下面两个句子意思不同:

My paints were in the car.

我的颜料在车里。

My paintings were in the car.

我的油画在车里。