- 词义辨析
that, which
that和which都可引导定语从句,但以下情况引导定语从句的关系代词只能用that不能用which:
1.当先行词是all, everything, nothing, anything, little等不定代词,或被first, last, only, few, much, some, any, no等词修饰时,应该用关系代词that,不用which。
2.当先行词为形容词最高级所修饰时,关系代词用that不用which。
3.当并列的两个先行词分别表示人和物时,要用关系代词that而不用which。
4.在强调句型“It is〔was〕...that〔who〕...”中,只能用that,不能用which。
5.同位语从句除了用whether, what, why等引导外,通常还用that引导,但不用which。
6.当定语从句由介词加上关系代词来引导时,该关系代词代替的是物而不是人时,不能用that,只能用which。
7.非限制性定语从句所修饰的是物或是整个主句时,关系代词用which,不用that。
that, who
用作关系代词时两者都可指人,一般可互换,但以下几点需注意:
1.all, nobody, no one, somebody, someone, anybody等词之后用who和that都可,但用that较常见。
2.在序数词、形容词最高级以及the only, the same等词之后用who和that都可,但用that较常见。
3.当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时通常要用that。
4.当先行词是who时通常要用that。
5.在正式文体中,用作关系代词的who可以用于人称代词he, she之后。
- 速记技巧
词源记忆法
来自古英语 thaet,那，那个，是指示代词， 词源同 the,they，其词义的演变可以参考其同源词 here,he.
- 知识拓展
语法解说
that在定从中做主语或者宾语，如果作宾语可以省略。
如：This is the person(that)you are looking for.连词省略以后会给部分同学的翻译带来影响，请大家注意积累。
同时，that也可以引导宾从，但是没有任何意义，只是具有连接作用，可以省略（但是两个并列宾从时，第二个宾从that不能省）
重要短语
that there[粗俗语]那…；那个…
that far那么远；到那里为止
- 双语例句 更多例句
He asked his father for the car, but his father said right off that he couldn't have it.
他向父亲借这辆汽车, 但是他父亲直截了当地拒绝了.
《简明英汉词典》
The realisation that the murderer must have been a close friend came as a shock.
意识到杀人凶手一定是个密友,大家都很震惊.
《简明英汉词典》
In a way, I'm glad you made that mistake, for it will serve as a warning to you.
在某种程度上说, 你犯那个错误我 倒 感到高兴, 因为它可以对你敲警钟.
《简明英汉词典》
Why are you doing that? Sally asked. " To make myself beautiful, " the lady answered.
“你为什么干这个 呀 ?”莎利问道. “ 把自己打扮得美丽呀, ” 那妇人回答道.
《用法词典》
They tried to smother up the murder by pretending that her death was accidental.
他们谎称她是意外死亡以掩盖谋杀事实.
《简明英汉词典》
My guess is that he didn't come because his parents wouldn't let him come.
我猜,他没来是因为父母不让他来.
《简明英汉词典》
昨晚他在音乐会上的演奏证明他在国际钢琴家中居首位.
《简明英汉词典》
His actions since that morning have been eccentric and unpredictable.
自从那天早晨,他的行动一直是反常而不可捉摸.
《简明英汉词典》
Hearing that there was an emergency case, the doctor put down his chopsticks and left at once.
听说有急诊，医生撂下筷子就走。
《汉英大词典》
西尔维亚与主管人相处得不好,因而害怕他会捏造一些罪名使她名誉扫地.
《简明英汉词典》
- 相关词组
- at that rateadv.那样的话;
- and all that诸如此类的;
- bear in mind that记住。。。， 不忘。。。;
- at that timeadv.在那时;当时;
- considering that鉴于…，就…而论;
- and that而且，并且;
- but that若非;
- all that到那种程度[地步];
- be of the opinion that认为;
- begin with the idea that最初的想法是;
- at that moment在那个瞬间;
- after that然后;此后;
- be that as it may即使如此， 尽管那样;话虽如此;
- be it that假使，即使;
- at that instant在那一瞬间
- chances are that..是可能的;
- bite the hand that feeds onev.恩将仇报;
- be aware that意识到;
- by reason thatadv.因为;
- at that point就在那时;
